A patient has a severe transfusion reaction with hypotension and chest pain. What is a potential cause?

In the context of a severe transfusion reaction presenting with hypotension and chest pain, the potential cause related to anti-IgA antibodies is highly relevant. Patients with a history of IgA deficiency may develop antibodies against IgA (anti-IgA). When they receive blood products that contain IgA, this can trigger a transfusion reaction that is characterized by symptoms such as hypotension and chest pain.

This is particularly critical because it highlights the importance of screening and matching blood products for patients with immunological sensitivities. Severe reactions from anti-IgA antibodies can lead to rapid and serious complications, making it crucial for blood banks to be aware of any previous transfusion history or anti-IgA antibody presence in patients.

Other options would not typically be associated with this severe level of reaction. For example, iron overload usually manifests over time from multiple transfusions rather than as an immediate response. Allergic reactions can occur but would be more commonly associated with symptoms like itching or hives rather than the severe cardiovascular symptoms observed here. Circulatory overload might also lead to respiratory distress and increased blood pressure but is less likely to result in such acute hypotension and chest pain. Thus, anti-IgA is the most plausible explanation for the severe