If a serum sample contains anti-X and anti-Y, what percent of group O donors would likely be compatible?

To understand the compatibility of group O donors with a serum sample containing anti-X and anti-Y antibodies, it’s important to recognize the prevalence of the corresponding antigens in the general population and among blood group donors.

Group O individuals lack A and B antigens on their red blood cells, which makes them universal donors. However, in this question, we have anti-X and anti-Y antibodies present in the serum sample. For the purposes of this question, X and Y likely represent specific antigens that may be present in other blood groups.

Assuming that anti-X and anti-Y are specific to antigens found in blood groups A, B, or AB, we can deduce that group O donors—who do not have A or B antigens—would be compatible with the serum containing these antibodies. This is because group O donors do not have the antigens corresponding to the antibodies present in the sample, hence transfusion of group O blood into someone with those antibodies would not trigger an immune response.

On average, about 68% of group O donors would not have the antigens targeted by the anti-X and anti-Y antibodies and would thus be compatible. This percentage reflects a reasonable estimate based on the distribution of blood group antigens within the population