What is the process of separation of antibody from its antigen known as?

The process of separation of antibody from its antigen is known as elution. Elution refers to the technique used to remove an antibody that is bound to its specific antigen, often through changes in temperature, pH, or ionic strength. This process allows for the recovery of the antibody in a pure form, which can then be used for further testing or analysis.

In contrast, adsorption refers to the process by which antibodies attach to a solid surface or another molecule but does not imply separation. Diffusion involves the passive movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, which is not specifically related to the separation of antibody and antigen. Neutralization describes the process by which antibodies can neutralize the effects of antigens, but it does not involve the physical separation of the two components. Therefore, elution is the most appropriate term for the separation process described in this context.