What type of paternity exclusion occurs when the child has a genetic marker absent in the mother and cannot be demonstrated in the alleged father?

The correct answer is based on the understanding of genetic markers and how they relate to paternity testing. In this context, direct exclusion occurs when a child possesses a genetic marker that is not found in the mother, and it is also absent in the alleged father. This type of exclusion provides concrete evidence that the alleged father cannot be the biological father since he lacks a marker that would have been passed on to the child.

In contrast, indirect exclusion involves evaluating genetic markers or alleles that suggest potential relationships without directly contradicting the alleged father’s potential paternity. Prior probability pertains to the likelihood of paternity based on prior existing genetic information and population statistics, rather than direct testing outcomes. The Hardy-Weinberg principle is a concept in population genetics that explains the expected distribution of genotypes in a population, and it does not directly relate to the determination of individual paternity.

Overall, the direct exclusion format emphasizes obtaining and analyzing specific genetic markers to firmly establish the absence of a biological relationship in a paternity case.